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[DOI] [Google Scholar] Hoque MA, Banu MN, Nakamura Y, Shimoishi Y, Murata Y

For the formula the brand have brought together three types of carnitine totaling 1g, 5mg of BioPerine, 15mg of Paradoxine grains of paradise, and 25mg of something we dont see very often if at all, gamma-butyrobetaine ethyl ester HCl, included to possibly increase the bodys own production of l-carnitine

For example, L-carnitine L-tartrate, due to its rapid absorption, could allow for quicker effects, especially when taken before exercise