A retrospective review of 1307 patients receiving SGLT2 inhibitors who underwent surgical procedures demonstrated an incidence of EDKA of 0.2% in elective surgery, compared to 1.1% in emergency procedures, given the inability to withhold SGLT2 inhibitors in the latter group [38]
However, its worth noting that doses above 3 grams per day produce more serious side effects [15]
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Notably, GLP-1RAs benefit pain management through their neuroprotective and metabolic regulatory properties, such as inhibiting inflammation responses and oxidative stress, promoting -endorphin release and modulating several other crucial biological pathways
Possible interference with thyroid hormone levels, which may impact metabolism
Boosting GPx through supplements could mitigate risks, as trials suggest