Catalpol inhibits homocysteine-induced oxidation and inflammation via inhibiting Nox4/NF-B and GRP78/PERK pathways in human aorta endothelial cells
The formulation utilizes a specific mass ratio of 5:1:1, combining 50mg of the copper-binding tripeptide GHK-Cu, 10mg of the pentadecapeptide BPC-157, and 10mg of the heptapeptide TB-500
JAMA 2014;312:380-389
Because copper ions are essential cofactors in numerous enzymatic and regulatory pathways, the GHK-Cu complex provides researchers with a controlled system for investigating peptide-mediated copper transport and copper-regulated biological processes
It pairs well with MOTS-c, CJC-1295/Ipamorelin, GLP-1s, tesamorelin, and AOD-9604 when monitored properly
Studies show it promotes angiogenesis (new blood vessel growth), stimulates tissue regeneration in muscle, tendon, ligament, and bone, reduces inflammation, and supports gut health increasing delivery of growth factors to injury sites and reducing inflammatory cytokines
