10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.12.025 86 PedreB.BarayeuU.EzeriaD.DickT
It needs a coordinated, cellular-level defense system
However, in pathological states, such as during reperfusion, the generation of ROS from the electron transport chain (ETC), particularly complexes I and III, exceeds the normal resulting in leakage of electrons that react with molecular oxygen to form superoxides
Additionally, there is a notable increase in ROS and related oxidative stress markers, often coupled with a depletion of intracellular GSH
& Sevilla, F
first reported the dedifferentiation of hepatocytes into fibroblasts via EMT ( Snail and Slug , repressing the mesenchymal program and EMT of hepatocytes ( Hepatocytes could also dedifferentiate into hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs, which are identified by markers such as SMA, SOX9, KRT19, EpCAM, and PROM1), and the proliferation and differentiation of hepatocyte-derived HPCs are closely associated with ductular reactions and portal fibrosis in liver injury ( Mat1a - / - mice transformed into fibroblastic cells when incubated with FGF10 and TGF-1, and these HPC-derived fibroblasts were significantly expanded in RRV-induced BA mouse model ( 9
