Even with adequate dietary intake of vitamin B12, poor absorption in the gut can still lead to vitamin B12 deficiency. Taking vitamin B12 as an oral supplement is largely a waste of money
Funding Support for this study was provided from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101255), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2024M761822), the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2021MH286), the Scientific Research Foundation of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (QDKY2023QN02), the Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund (2025) and the Qingdao Outstanding Health Professional Development Fund (2023)
Sermorelin is typically administered 30 to 90 minutes before sleep to align with the natural nocturnal growth hormone pulse
The profitability of the generic business model is highly concentrated in the period immediately following patent expiry for major drugs particularly during the 180-day exclusivity window
Statistical analysis The crude incidence rate of NAFLD events was estimated as the number of events per 1,000 person-years
Behavioral counseling: Helps address emotional eating, long-term habits, and mindset
