STAR Protoc
One reason for this difference is that there are different kinds of B12 injections, each working for a long time
Once released, B-12 combines with a substance called intrinsic factor (IF) before it is absorbed into the bloodstream
In the CY 2023 OPPS/ASC final rule with comment period (87 FR 71894 through 71895), we updated the device descriptor for C1831, effective January 1, 2023, to include the posterior/transforaminal approach at the request of the applicant
In such cases, an injection bypasses the gut and delivers B12 directly into the bloodstream
The initial mechanical damage, the primary injury, is followed by hours, days, and weeks of secondary injury processes that often cause more functional loss than the impact itself