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Surgical procedures Sometimes few surgeries that involve the removal or alteration of the stomach or intestines can affect the bodys ability to absorb vitamin B12 as removal reduces the surface area available for absorption

Consistency matters more than taking massive doses occasionally

Forms of B12 supplements include cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin tablets, sublingual preparations, sprays, and injectable hydroxocobalamin

If youre getting enough B12 but still get headaches something else might be to blame

Preclinical studies suggest potential roles in soft-tissue repair, gut barrier support, angiogenesis, and neuroprotection

Prevalence of vitamin B-12 insufficiency during pregnancy and its effect on offspring birth weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis