Most standard supplements are broken down by stomach acid or filtered out by the liver before they ever reach your cells
I get it - that might seem steep compared to a bottle of pills
Vitamin D deficiency affects more than one billion people worldwide and is considered a significant public health issue
As recently as March 2018, it was reported in the International Journal of Sports Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism that, it is likely that the lack of efficacy in many studies is due to its low bioavailability and failure to increase muscle L-carnitine stores. In conclusion, the researchers in The Journal of Clinical Investigation say that, These studies also indicate that daily consumption of L-carnitine, even while maintaining a vegan/vegetarian diet, can induce the gut microbiota-dependent BBTMA transformation, resulting in heightened formation of the atherogenic and prothrombotic metabolite TMAO
the PBP coordinates: AP, 3.63 mm
Nature 498 , 99103 (2013)