is oral melanotic macule dangerous Mucosal melanocytic macules Pigmented Lesions of the Oral

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The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified it as a benign congenital head and neck abnormality, 1 - 2 with expansive and locally aggressive growth, although a few cases with potential malignant transformation have been reported

membranaceus , is a traditional Chinese herbs used in diverse kidney diseases

Steroid production in the skin is directly dependent on local enzymatic activity (e.g., aromatase), substrate availability, and mobilization of signal transduction and gene expression pathways, and can be modulated by several internal and external factors, including growth factors, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 and TNF, cAMP analogs, and glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone (Tkachenko et al., 2011