doi: 10.3389/fcdhc.2025.1720794 Received 09 October 2025 Accepted 03 November 2025 Published 24 November 2025 Volume 6 - 2025 Edited by Marilena Vitale, Federico II University Hospital, Italy Reviewed by Theodoros Androutsakos, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Gianpaolo Zerbini, San Raffaele Hospital (IRCCS), Italy Giovanna DAbbronzo, Federico II University Hospital, Italy Updates Copyright 2025 Codella, Senesi and Luzi
As an AMPK activator, metformin could potentially exert effects on the bile acid pool via FXR
Typical insurance factors affecting coverage include: Compounded versions of GLP-1s, like personalized semaglutide offered by Refills, may not be covered by insurance
If this effect holds true in humans, the vaccine could extend the window of time for clinical assistance if overdose occurs
primary-cta The Direction of Future Research Ongoing studies continue to expand our understanding of both peptides' potential applications
These medications rely on prolonged use to maintain results, leaving many individuals grappling with dependency, side effects, or diminishing effectiveness over time