This dual mechanism also influences the side effect profile in subtle ways
Health Affairs (Project Hope), 43 (11), 14911501
Zepbound joins Wegovy as the second incretin-based therapy for chronic weight management
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After maturation, MSTN is expressed in various tissues,[12,20,21] with the highest levels in skeletal muscle and lower levels in visceral and subcutaneous fat,[21] as well as cardiac muscle.[20] MSTN has also been reported to negatively regulate adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation by suppressing the expression of key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-.[22] However, Mstn / mice exhibit significantly reduced fat accumulation under normal aging conditions despite a lower metabolic rate, [23] whereas a genetically obese mouse model shows elevated MSTN mRNA levels compared to wild-type mice, suggesting a positive correlation between MSTN expression and fat mass.[21] These findings have paved the way for MSTN to become a therapeutic target not only for muscle atrophy, but also for diabetes and obesity
