Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) The vascular endothelial growth factor family consists of five secreted proteins, VEGF (also referred to as VEGF-A), VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and placental growth factor (PlGF)
Hepatocellular injury, meaning damage to liver cells, releases stored vitamin B12 into the blood, and chronic liver disease reduces the clearance that normally keeps levels in check
It can be used for muscle growth, recovery, and anti-aging purposes
Potentially useful for osteoarthritis monitoring though expensive and not standard care
[PubMed] [Google Scholar] Fukui M., Kuramoto K., Yamasaki R., Shimizu Y., Itoh M., Kawamoto T., et al
What are the side effects of vitamin B12 injections