The only reliable way to confirm purity and identity is sourcing through a medical provider that uses licensed US compounding pharmacies with certificate of analysis requirements
it does not mask B12 deficiency)
Second, keep it cold and dark between doses and return it to the refrigerator promptly after each draw rather than leaving it on a counter
Results showed that the ingredient significantly increased NAD+ levels in senescent fibroblasts, activated the SIRT1 signaling pathway, reduced the expression of senescence-associated -galactosidase (SA--gal), decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, and promoted collagen synthesis
[3] Additionally, NAD+ has been investigated for improving metabolic health, possibly benefiting conditions like metabolic syndrome by supporting better insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function
Greene says that if you do take them, you should do so only under a doctors supervision, so they can do regular check-ins and blood work