Sadagurski M, Landeryou T, Cady G, Kopchick JJ, List EO, Berryman DE, Bartke A, Miller RA
Collect Czech Chem Commun 51:21352142 Brown WH, Iverson BL, Anslyn E, Foote CS (2012) Organic chemistry, 6th edn
The US National Academy of Medicine updated estimated average requirements (EARs) and recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for vitamin B 12 in 1998
A 4mg dose = 0.4mL = 40 units
PMID 40544433.
Vegans, vegetarians, people over the age 50, anyone with stomach/bowel issues like chronic gastritis, leaky gut, IBS or celiac, and anyone who regularly takes medications such as Metformin, PPIs (used for GERD), H2 Receptor Antagonists (used for peptic ulcers), or anything that interferes with stomach acid production are actually at risk for vitamin B12 deficiency, and should supplement B12 regularly