Almost previous MSCs-relevant clinical trials included LN [27, 28, 30, 33, 35, 36] or INS [39] patients with conventional immunosuppressants, such as cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide, or glucocorticosteroids (GCs) (Table S1)
Preclinical studies show minimal toxicity in research models, though some reports note temporary fatigue, nausea, or mild injection-site irritation
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Research shows women who enter pregnancy with obesity or develop gestational diabetes experience even larger metabolic shifts postpartum
Supplied in sealed laboratory vials, this material supports analytical investigations, assay development, and experimental applications in professional research environments where documentation and reproducibility are required
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