The mechanisms include reduction of excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, enhanced neurotrophic factor expression supporting neuronal survival, angiogenesis improving cerebral blood flow, and modulation of dopamine and serotonin systems
However, early attempts to apply rotenone as a PD model found that high doses of rotenone induce widespread brain damage rather than specifically targeting the nigrostriatal system, which might interfere with the value of relevant studies (Heikkila et al., 1985
Note: This is a cosmetic product intended for external use only and is not meant to diagnose, treat, or cure any medical conditions
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