In cells, homocysteine is metabolized in three ways :[ref] It can be remethylated to form methionine (requires folate, MTHFR, and vitamin B12, MTR gene or needs betaine, interacting with BHMT and PEMT genes) Can be converted to cysteine (CBS gene, serine and B6 as a cofactor), which is used in the synthesis of glutathione It can be converted to homocysteine thiolactone, which can be a problem at higher levels Lets dig into each of these pathways further: Methylation Cycle: Homocysteine, Methionine, SAMe, and SAH Homocysteine is maintained at a relatively constant level by several mechanisms in the methionine cycle
FDA-approved uses Both Rybelsus and Ozempic are FDA-approved for managing type 2 diabetes
Having an autoimmune disease : Some autoimmune diseases can damage the stomach lining (including pernicious anemia) where intrinsic factor is produced
doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.16-6-s104
doi.org/10.3390/ijms19071987 Hureau, C., et al
Actionable Tip: Aim to drink at least 64 ounces of water per day