Large graphic photos on cigarette packages are a cost-effective way to get a public-health message on the dangers and consequences of smoking across not only to users but to family, friends and co-workers who also see the images, Canadian researchers found
However, there are nicotine-free e-liquids for individuals who are allergic to nicotine or who just desire a nicotine-free vape.
In spite of their differences in pharmacology, alcohol and tobacco consumption are often intimately linked, said Traute Flatscher-Bader, a postdoctoral research fellow at The University of Queensland and corresponding author for the study
Pletcher MJ, Hulley BJ, Houston T, Kiefe CI, Benowitz N, Sidney S (2006)
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Candidate compounds will obviously include those with nAChR activity, with some surely from beyond the MN class, but may also include compounds without nAChR activity